The spindle is one of the main parts of twisting and winding on the spinning frame, and it is an assembly with a slender rotating shaft supported by two points as the main body. There are spindles on roving frame, spinning frame and twisting frame. Traditionally, the equipment scale and production capacity of spinning mills are expressed by the number of spindles. The number and speed of spindles have a direct impact on the production capacity of corresponding processes, especially the spinning spindles. The quality of spindle is closely related to yarn quality, power consumption, environmental noise and labor productivity. Therefore, the assembly of spindle is directly related to the performance and vibration range of complete spindle. So, what are the common problems in the use of spindle, and how to solve them?
Spindle tip wear
The wear of spindle tip will lead to the phenomenon of out of tolerance of spindle handle and vibration range. The wear of spindle mainly occurs at the spindle tip and bearing block. The normal wear of the ingot tip is smooth and round, while the serious wear of abrasive particles makes the ingot tip in the shape of gourd. The wear of the ingot tip is characterized by grooves on the head and lower cone of the gourd.
Cause analysis
When the bottom of ingot and the tip of ingot are not in the common axis, the side contact sliding wear will occur when the ingot rod moves. If the upper bearing is short of oil, the wear rate of bearing gear will be accelerated. The normal wear of the bearing block reduces the accuracy, increases the fit clearance and intensifies the vibration. Generally, under certain load conditions, the wear degree of spindle depends on the material, hardness, geometric accuracy and roughness of spindle, spindle bottom and bearing. In addition, the quality of the bobbin has a great influence on the vibration energy of the spindle, especially after high speed.
Elimination method
The role of spindle oil is not only to lubricate the parts, but also to damp vibration and affect the power consumption. It can delay the wear of spindle tip by adding oil to spindle regularly and ensuring enough oil. The recommended oil brand number is l-an10 National Standard No. GB 443 for total loss system oil, l-fc10 and l-fd10 for bearing lubricating oil (main shaft lubricating oil). L-fd10 is the best, and the kinematic viscosity of the oil is 9 mm2 / s-11 mm2 / S (40 ℃); the lubricating oil shall be the original packaging product of large petrochemical enterprises. The bobbin should be made by the manufacturer with good quality and stability; the correct use and maintenance of the spindle can slow down the abrasion of the spindle and prolong the service life of the spindle.
Broken spindle
Cause analysis
(1) it is caused by the falling of the trolley; ② the spindle rod itself has crack defects; ③ it is caused by the improper quenching of the material and the unreasonable aging.
Elimination method
Do not use the trolley or reduce the number of times of use of the trolley; because the probability of occurrence of the ingot pole with cracks in the material or the ingot pole itself is very low, it can be solved by careful selection before getting on the vehicle.
Oil leakage or leakage from broken ingot foot or ingot foot
Cause analysis
① the installation method is not correct - if the spindle foot flange is not installed or knocked according to the requirements when aligning, or the nut is tightened by the force arm, it will cause the phenomenon of broken spindle foot; ② if the ingot foot material is loose, the structure is not fine, or there are cracks, pores, sand holes and other defects caused by casting, it may cause the phenomenon of oil leakage or oil leakage of the broken spindle foot and spindle foot.
Elimination method
The spindle is installed in the rib hole of the spinning frame, which requires accurate positioning, reliable fastening and hard moving. Install the spindle foot correctly and tighten the nut with the tightening torque no more than 80 n · m; the oil leakage and oil leakage of the spindle foot shall be found and treated in time to prevent yarn contamination.
Stick on board
Cause analysis
① the needle falls off due to lack of oil; ② the bearing wear clearance is large.
Elimination method
Maintain spindle reasonably to ensure sufficient oil.
Rod sinking
Cause analysis
① during the early running in of the spindle, the small abrasive particles caused by the abrasion were not removed in time, resulting in the abrasion or penetration of the cone-shaped spindle bottom; ② the flat spindle bottom gasket fell off.
Elimination method
During the running in period of the new spindle, it is not allowed to open at high speed, and the oil change cleaning procedure of the new spindle shall be carried out carefully, and the abrasive particles in the lubricating oil shall be removed in time.
Large pendulum head
Cause analysis
① deformation or fracture of bearing seat caused by external force of rod and disc; ② early wear of rod and disc; ③ collective yarn falling.
Elimination method
Equipped with high-quality bobbin; reasonable maintenance, spindle maintenance; ensure bearing lubrication.
Loss of elasticity of ingot liner
Cause analysis
The ingot liner with elastic lower support is mainly used for yd4000 series spindles. The loss of elasticity of ingot liner is mainly caused by poor oil quality and dirt.
Elimination method
Use high quality lubricating oil; check the oil level regularly; make up oil regularly.
Through the analysis of the structure of the spindle and the problems and causes in the use process, in order to improve the rotation speed of the whole machine and extend the service life of the spindle, it is necessary to find and deal with the problems in the use of the spindle in a timely manner, to use the spindle reasonably, to clean and refuel it on time, to strengthen the daily inspection and maintenance, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the yarn quality and prolonging the service life of the spindle.
