Polyester is an important variety of synthetic fibers, and is the trade name of polyester fibers in my country. It is a fiber-forming polymer prepared from purified terephthalic acid (PTA) or dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and ethylene glycol (MEG) through esterification or transesterification and polycondensation reaction -- Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), fibers made by spinning and post-processing.
From the perspective of the molecular composition of polyester, it is composed of short aliphatic hydrocarbon chains, ester groups, benzene rings, and terminal alcohol hydroxyl groups. In addition to the existence of two terminal alcohol hydroxyl groups, there are no other polar groups in the polyester fiber, so the hydrophilicity of polyester fiber is extremely poor. The polyester molecule contains about 46% ester groups. The ester group can be hydrolyzed and pyrolyzed when the temperature is above 200 °C. When it encounters strong alkali, it will be saponified, which will reduce the degree of polymerization. influence.
The characteristics of polyester: high strength, good elasticity, heat resistance, heat insulation, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance are relatively good, but dyeing and hygroscopicity are relatively poor, but good color fastness, not easy to fade . Because there is no specific dyeing group on the polyester molecular chain, and the polarity is small, it is difficult to dye, and the dyeability is poor, and the dye molecules are not easy to enter the fiber; it is sultry to wear, and it is easy to carry static electricity and stain dust, which affects Aesthetics and comfort. However, it is very easy to dry after washing, and the wet strength hardly decreases, and it does not deform. It has good wash and wear performance.
There are many types of polyester fiber fabrics. In addition to weaving pure polyester fabrics, there are many products that are blended or interwoven with various textile fibers, which make up for the shortcomings of pure polyester fabrics and exert better wearing performance. Polyester fabrics are developing towards the naturalization of synthetic fibers such as wool-like, silk-like, linen-like, and deerskin-like fibers.
