First, the general structure of the knitting machine
There are many types of knitting machines, but no matter what type of knitting machine they are, the main structure is basically the same, but the knitting varies according to the work requirements of various machines, the specific mechanism composition is different, and auxiliary mechanisms with different purposes . The mechanism of the machine can be roughly divided into two parts, namely the main mechanism and the auxiliary mechanism.
一 (I) Main mechanism of knitting machine
1. Loop forming mechanism The loop forming mechanism is a mechanism that bends the yarn to form a loop, and loops the loops to form a knitted fabric. The main parts are knitting needles, sinkers, cams, and yarn guides. These parts are collectively called loop forming parts. They are driven or fixed by the main shaft through their respective transmission mechanisms, and cooperate with each other to form a loop motion.
2. Yarn feeding mechanism The yarn feeding mechanism is a mechanism that sends the yarn on the package or warp beam to the loop forming machine at a certain tension and speed according to the requirements of the knitting system.
3. The color mechanism The color mechanism is called the needle selection mechanism in weft knitting, and its function is to select the knitting needles or sinkers according to the requirements of the pattern. The design mechanism is called the carding traverse mechanism in the warp knitting, and its function is to control the carding quilt with the yarn guide needle fixed, and make it move along the needle bed in the direction of the needle bed in the horizontal direction.
4. Transmission mechanism It is a mechanism that uses the main shaft as the main body to move various parts of the machine through various transmission mechanisms such as cams, eccentric links, worms and gears.
5. Control agency It is the agency that enables each agency to coordinate with each other according to the knitting requirements.
6. Pulling and winding mechanism It is a mechanism that pulls the fabric out of the knitting area and rolls it into a cloth roll with a certain tension and speed.
(Two) auxiliary mechanism of knitting machine
1. Reducer In order to adjust the machine, a reducer is equipped on the knitting machine to make the machine run at a slow speed, which is convenient for maintenance and adjustment.
2. Self-stop device It includes self-stop devices such as machine failure, safety, yarn breakage, cloth surface defects, excessive or small tension, and limited package capacity.
3. Various instruments Depending on the model, the knitting machine is equipped with machine tachometer, let-off speed meter and counter.
4. Enlarge the variety of color mechanism It includes jacquard mechanism, yarn pressing rod, flower pressure plate, intermittent let-off and multi-speed let-off.
Classification of weft knitting machines
In the weft knitting production, in order to knit different types of knitted fabrics or shaped products, the types of knitting machines used are also different. The knitting needles inserted in cylindrical cylinders or dials are called circular machines. Those who are on the flat needle bed are called flat knitting machines. These knitting machines can be classified by needle bed or needle abbreviation, needle bed or cylinder form, and type of knitting needle used. Single-sided knitted fabrics are generally produced on single-needle bed (or single-cylinder) knitting machines.Single-sided knitting machines that use crochet needles as loop-forming parts include trolleys, crane flannel circular machines, and so on. Multi-triangle machines, terry machines, etc. Double-knitted fabrics can only be produced on double-needle bed knitting machines (or double-sided circular knitting machines). They are generally tongue-stitch machines, such as rib machines, double-rib machines (cotton wool machines), double-side knitting machines, jacquard circular machines and Flat knitting machine and so on. In addition, in order to produce single-piece shaped products, there are special weft knitting machines, such as full-form automatic flat knitting machines, full-form flat crochet knitting machines, glove machines and round socks machines.
